Key Factors Dominating the Groundwater Chemical Composition in a Grain Production Base: A Case Study of Muling–Xingkai Plain, Northeast China

Groundwater quality in the Muling–Xingkai Plain (MXP) is closely related to food security and human health. The chemical composition of groundwater MXP has attracted great attention. A total 168 samples were collected MXP, principal component analysis, ion analysis stable isotopic used explore key factors affecting hydrochemical evolution process groundwater. Results show sources ions are silicate minerals, carbonate minerals domestic sewage. Domestic sewage responsible for with high levels Cl−, SO42− NO3−, but a reduction environment can lead level NH4+ due nitrification. Human activity soil media together influence composition. mainly from wells near river channels, where coarse-textured soils overlying aquifers. black far away channels retard infiltration wastewater. Agricultural activities do not directly deterioration qualities, agricultural non-point-source pollution does occur MXP. Nearly 70% population living southern plain, on obvious. Thus, shallow best choice irrigation. Some measures should be implemented control discharge protection In addition, it necessary avoid transformation redox northern plain.